Females respond from the ground with a single flash TIMED PRECISELY 2 SECONDS AFTER the male flash — species-specific timing keeps Photinus pyralis reproductively isolated from sympatric species.
When alarmed, bullet ants produce an audible stridulation — a tiny dry buzz — that sounds before the sting lands.
When alarmed, goliath birdeaters rear up and produce an audible hiss by rubbing the bristles on their legs together — heard from up to 15 feet away.
Returning honey bees perform a 'waggle dance' encoding the direction and distance of a food source. Karl von Frisch won a Nobel Prize for decoding it.
The hissing cockroach has three distinct calls: alarm, combat, and courtship. Females listen — quality of hiss matters in mate choice.
Peacock spider courtship has species-specific footwork patterns. Researchers identify new species partly by dance choreography.
Male fruit flies court females with species-specific 'songs' — they vibrate their wings at distinct frequencies that females can identify.
